{"id":323070,"date":"2023-01-03T14:06:18","date_gmt":"2023-01-03T17:06:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/?p=323070"},"modified":"2023-01-06T16:58:42","modified_gmt":"2023-01-06T19:58:42","slug":"%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%91%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%91%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u060c \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b\u00a0 \u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 1820 Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a – \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629\u064b \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1820\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n

\u201d\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a (\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645) \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1776\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u2018\u2018<\/em>\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 (\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 – \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064e \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0633 (bandeirantes\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0648\u0630\u0643\u064e\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 (1516-1849)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0639\u0646 (\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0641\u064a 8 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1776 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1820\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a (1815-1822) \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0641 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: Algarve \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u061f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0628\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0644\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f 38 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641.\u0645\u0647\u062c\u0651\u0623\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0648.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u00a0 \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0641\u062f (\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646). \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 (1889-1938) \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0641\u062f. \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1600\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 (1913).<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a. \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1795\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064d \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 (1788-1840). \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0643. \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1820 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0641. \u0628\u0642\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648 \u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1840. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1795\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 227 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 (1795-2022).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0648 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1858\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 1871 \u0648 1876\u060c \u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c\u00a0 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1880 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u064f\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 (1872-1937)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0628\/\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1876\u060c \u0648\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1885\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637. \u0639\u0645\u0650\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0640 “Amazonian Belle \u00c9poque”\u00a0 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 (1890-1920). \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1889\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1900\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\/ \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0648 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0624\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00a0 \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0640\u2018brasilibaneses\u2019\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 122 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 (1900-2020)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631:<\/p>\n

-\u201cLimamo. Um her\u00f3i brasileiro\u201d\u060c \u0644\u0650\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631 Schoba<\/p>\n

– \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0644-\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648 Edusc \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

– ” \u0645\u0647\u062c\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 “\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u201cMahjar. Saga libanesa no Brasil\u201d \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0644\u0628: \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0643 (<\/em><\/strong>Usek<\/em><\/strong>) \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c 1871 \u0648 1876 ” \u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 “\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0641\u064a.<\/div>\n
\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u00a9<\/div>\n
\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0647<\/div>\n
\u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0644\u0628 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2337,"featured_media":322912,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20688],"tags":[9444],"class_list":{"0":"post-323070","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-20688","8":"tag-imigracao-ar"},"wps_subtitle":"\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0644\u0628 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/323070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2337"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=323070"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/323070\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/322912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=323070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=323070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anba.com.br\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=323070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}